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#Democratic processes definition free

To see what share of the world’s population lived in each regime, you can tick the ‘Relative’ box in the interactive visualization.Other data sources agree that India has become less democratic, but overall still consider India a democracy 6 Most prominently the 1.4 billion people living in India, which - according to the RoW data - became an electoral autocracy in 2017. There have also been recent setbacks, with many people losing political rights. Almost all of them reside in just one country: China. Because the world’s population grew faster than democracy spread, the total number of people without democratic rights is higher than ever. While democratic rights have spread far, they are still far from universal. Another billion people lived in liberal democracies, such as those living in Chile, South Korea, and the United States. By 2022, about 1.3 billion people lived in electoral democracies in all regions of the world: many live in the populous countries of Indonesia, Brazil, and South Africa. Since then, many have gained democratic political rights, especially in the second half of the 20th century. No country was a democracy, and only 22 million people lived in the two countries classified as electoral autocracies: the United Kingdom and the United States.

In 1800, almost everyone lived in political systems that RoW classifies as closed autocracies. In the 19th century, few people had democratic political rights.

The chart shows that many more people now live in democracies, based on the Regimes of the World (RoW) data. Now, billions of people have themīillions of people have gained democratic rights over the last two centuries. Two centuries ago, everyone lacked democratic rights. You can explore them in our Democracy Data Explorer. We use the RoW data here, but there are several other leading approaches to measuring democracy, which sometimes classify countries differently.We use the RoW classification and V-Dem data but expand the years and countries covered and refine the coding rules, as explained in our technical article on the RoW data.Liberal democracy: electoral democracy and citizens enjoy individual and minority rights, are equal before the law, and the actions of the executive are constrained by the legislative and the courts

#Democratic processes definition free

RoW distinguishes four types of political systems: closed autocracies, electoral autocracies, electoral democracies, and liberal democracies.Ĭlosed autocracy: citizens do not have the right to choose either the chief executive of the government or the legislature through multi-party electionsĮlectoral autocracy: citizens have the right to choose the chief executive and the legislature through multi-party elections but they lack some freedoms, such as the freedoms of association or expression that make the elections meaningful, free, and fairĮlectoral democracy: citizens have the right to choose the chief executive and the legislature in meaningful, free and fair, and multi-party elections.

And more than a third of all democracies have the additional individual and minority rights that characterize liberal democracies. Most non-democracies are electoral autocracies. Today, the world is about evenly split between autocracies and democracies, according to this data. By the end of the century, they had become common political systems around the globe and could be found across all world regions. 3Įlectoral and liberal democracy then spread to many countries in the 20th century. 2 And even fewer had the additional individual and minority rights and the constrained governments to consider them liberal democracies. Only a few countries held elections that were sufficiently meaningful to call them electoral democracies. Many countries became electoral autocracies, in which political leaders were chosen through elections, but citizens lacked additional freedoms to make those elections free and fair. 1Įlections spread throughout the 19th century, but they were often marred by limitations. RoW classifies almost all of them as closed autocracies, in which citizens do not have the right to choose their political leaders through elections. In the late 18th century, no country could be meaningfully characterized as a democracy. The chart shows - based on data from Regimes of the World (RoW) - that a much larger share of countries are now democracies. Many more countries have become democracies over the last two hundred years. The world has become much more democratic over the last two centuries